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From Tradition to Stereotype: Exploring “De lo Típico a lo Tópico” at Valencia’s National Ceramics Museum

The National Museum of Ceramics and Decorative Arts “González Martí”, located in the Palace of the Marqués de Dos Aguas in Valencia (Spain), is one of the main points of reference for ceramic art in Spain and a fundamental pillar of Valencian culture. Inaugurated in 1954, the museum is dedicated to preserving and exhibiting the region’s rich ceramic tradition, one of the most emblematic forms of artistic expression in the Valencian Community. Through its permanent and temporary exhibitions, the museum offers a journey through the evolution of ceramics from medieval times to the present, reflecting not only the mastery of craftsmanship, but also the influence of this art on everyday life and local identity. Its exhibits, which include pieces of historical value and contemporary works, make this museum a reference point for understanding how ceramics have contributed to the cultural and artistic development of Valencia and Spain.

Table of Contents

Brief history of the National Ceramics Museum of Valencia

The Museo Nacional de Cerámica y de las Artes Suntuarias ‘González Martí’ was inaugurated in 1954 thanks to the work of the ceramist and collector Manuel González Martí, who donated his valuable ceramics collection to the State. The museum is housed in the impressive Palacio del Marqués de Dos Aguas, an 18th century Baroque building that is in itself a work of art. Over the years, the museum has expanded its collection to include ceramics from medieval to contemporary times, as well as porcelain, glass, furniture and decorative art. Today, it is one of the most important museums in Spain in its field and a cultural reference point for Spanish ceramics, particularly Valencian ceramics.

The Museum Today

The National Ceramics Museum is known both for the richness of its collections and for the beauty of its headquarters, the Palacio del Marqués de Dos Aguas, whose Baroque façade is one of the most recognisable symbols of Valencia. The museum offers a broad overview of the history of Spanish ceramics, with a special focus on the Valencian ceramics tradition. Inside, you can admire pieces of Arab ceramics, Renaissance tiles, 18th century earthenware, and works by great artists such as Picasso. In addition to the permanent exhibition, the museum organises temporary exhibitions that deal with different aspects of ceramic and decorative art, as well as educational activities and workshops.

Location

The museum is located in the heart of Valencia, in the Palacio del Marqués de Dos Aguas.

Address: Calle Poeta Querol, 2, 46002, Valencia.

Opening hours

– Tuesday to Saturday: 10:00 to 14:00 h and 16:00 to 20:00 h.  

– Sundays and public holidays: 10:00 to 14:00 h.  

– Closed on Mondays, 1 January, 1 May and 25 December.

Prices

– General admission: 3 €.  

– Reduced admission (for groups, students, over 65s, etc.): 1.50 €.  

– Free admission on Saturday afternoons, Sundays and public holidays, and for certain groups (under 18s, people with disabilities, unemployed, etc.).

 

The museum is not only a place to learn about the history of ceramics, but also a place where art, architecture and Valencian culture meet and are valued together.

The Exhibition “De lo Típico a lo Tópico”

The National Museum of Ceramics and Decorative Arts “González Martí” opens the exhibition “De lo Típico a lo Tópico” (“From Typical to Topical”). The comb in Valencian clothing”. More than 165 pieces are on display, including combs, combs, jewelry, ceramics and clothing, highlighting the crucial role of the comb in traditional Valencian dress. The works on display come from more than 25 private collections, together with collections from the museum itself and other institutions such as the Museo Sorolla and the Museo del Traje in Madrid, as well as the Museu Frederic Marés in Barcelona. The exhibition offers a journey through the history of this accessory, examining its evolution in design, materials, ornaments, as well as paying tribute to the craftsmen who made them and the women who wore them.

The exhibition, curated by Francisco Zanón Rodrigo and Virginia Zanón Alcaide, will be open to the public from 8 October to 23 March 2025 in temporary exhibition room 1 (first floor).

THE COMB (Spanish “EL PEINE”)

Throughout history, various types of combs or pints have been used by women from different cultures as ornaments and to hold their hair. This exhibition focuses on a type of Valencian comb, popular between the mid-18th and 19th centuries. Although its everyday use disappeared, it remained a ceremonial element up to the present day. These combs, generally made of silver, show vegetal, geometric and figurative decorations that reflect the style of the sumptuary arts of the time.

 

Despite the lack of precise dating marks for these pieces, archives and studies have identified three phases in their evolution. A model was established in the second half of the 18th century; its use became widespread in the first quarter of the 19th century and began to decline in the middle of the 19th century.

THE LITTLE COMB (Spanish “LA PEINETA”)

The gilt silver combs, rectangular in shape and slightly wider at the top, were small and practical, which made their use more frequent than that of the comb, which was reserved for special occasions. Although the two pieces emerged at the same time, the comb remained in use for longer.

Its design was simple, with a wavy scallop on the upper edge and a central engraving depicting branches, fruit and sometimes small birds. As they were lightweight and inexpensive, they did not require maker’s marks and were not reported in case of loss, which explains their scarce appearance in the documentation of the period.

During the second half of the 19th century, when the use of the comb had disappeared, the fashion for curls or caragols emerged in women’s hairstyles. If a woman dressed as a labrador, she used the comb exclusively, whether to style a chignon in the old style or three chignons according to the latest fashion. It was not until the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century that the custom of always wearing a pataca and rodetes (back bun and side buns) was established.

During this period, a specific set was designed for this hairstyle, consisting of a comb and two combs, which came to be known definitively as “peinetas de valenciana” and, later, “de fallera”.

 

In conclusion, the National Museum of Ceramics and Sumptuary Arts “González Martí” is a cultural treasure of Valencia and a benchmark in the preservation of ceramic art in Spain. The exhibition “De lo Típico a lo Tópico” reflects how ceramics, beyond its utilitarian function, has shaped and perpetuated Valencian identity over the centuries. Through this exhibition, visitors are invited to explore the evolution of traditional elements and how they became cultural symbols. To visit this museum is to immerse oneself in the rich artistic heritage of the region and to understand the importance of ceramics as a form of expression that is still relevant today.

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Kati

Kati

Hi there, I’m Kati and the writer behind this travel blog. By reading my guides, I’m hoping to inspire you to travel more mindfully and have epic adventures all over the globe!

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About Kati

Hi there, I’m Kati and the writer behind this travel blog. By reading my guides, I’m hoping to inspire you to travel more mindfully and have epic adventures all over the globe!

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